Documentary Channel
Loading...
612
subscribers
1,086,492
video views
Featured Playlists
The Road to Treblinka
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Alan-Heaths-History-Page/173472422695696
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
Treblinka was the second largest Nazi death camp. Estimates for the total number of deaths oscillates between 750,000 and over one million people. The camp started to function in July 1942 and worked until a prisoner revolt in August 1943 although it would appear that there were deportations after the revolt. However it was definitively closed in the early autumn of 1943 as teh Nazis chose to concentrate their resources on Auschwitz.
Treblinka was designed to be the centre for killing the Jewish population of the General Government which contained major ghettos such as those at Warsaw, Białystok, Radom as well as transit ghettos such as that at Międrzyrzecz Podlaski. From Warsaw alone in July, August and September 1942, around 310,000 were sent here to be gassed according to SS Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop.
The first commandant was Irmfried Eberl who was appointed on 11 July 1942. Like many of the people who worked in the death camps, he came from the mental health sector - he was a licensed psychiatrist - although most of the others works had been limited to the destruction of corpses in the psychiatric hospitals of Hadamar, Sonnenstein, Pirna etc.
The camp received its first shipment of victims, 6,500 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto, on 22 July 1942 who were murdered the following day. Some prisoners were kept alive to dispose of the corpses but they too were killed in the evening. Shipments continued on a daily basis thereafter, usually ranging from about 4,000 to 7,000 victims per day, although at times carriages could wait up to one week with most of the prisoners being dead when they were opened.
Eberl was unable to cope with the amount of people he had to kill, yet pride stopped him from reporting this fact. Reports got back to Warsaw and Lublin of what was happening and he was sacked by Odilo Globocnik and Christian Wirth and replaced by Franz Stangl.
In September 1942, Stangl supervised the building of new, larger gas chambers to augment the previously existing gas chambers. The new gas chambers became operational in early autumn 1942. It is believed that these death chambers were capable of killing 3,000 people in two hours, and 12,000 to 15,000 victims easily every day, with a maximum capacity of 22,000 deaths in 24 hours.
The victims were gassed with carbon monoxide generated by diesel engines probably from a Soviet BT tank engine although a French tank engine may have been used. The victims died from suffocation and carbon monoxide poisoning. This also means that, frequently, victims were not completely dead as a result of the exhaust. The few prisoners who had worked in the Sonderkommandos and survived the camp later testified that victims frequently let out a final gasp of breath from their lungs when they were extracted from the gas chambers.
Initially corpses were buried in mass graves, this was changed to burning in the winter of 1942 - 3 with corpses being dug up and burnt.
In order to prevent incoming victims from realising their fate, the camp was disguised as a railway station, complete with train schedules, posters of destinations, and what appeared to be a working clock.
On August 2, 1943, the prisoners in the work details rebelled. They seized small arms, sprayed kerosene on all the buildings and set them ablaze. Around 40 are known to have survived until the end of the war.
After the revolt, Treblinka ceased operation and no gassings took place. The original camp was levelled off and lupins were planted. The camp had been damaged during the uprising, and the murder of the Polish Jews was also largely complete. The Jewish prisoners were shot and the camp shut down.
In 2001, a copy of a decrypted telegram was discovered in the Public Record Office in the UK. The Höfle Telegram listed 713,555 Jews killed in Treblinka up to the end of December 1942. With the addition of the transports in 1943 one may arrive at the figure 800,000 deaths.
Franz Stangl escaped to Syria and then Brazil. He was tracked down by Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal and arrested. He admitted to the killings but argued: "My conscience is clear. I was simply doing my duty." Found guilty on 22 October 1970, Stangl was sentenced to life imprisonment. He died of heart failure in prison in Düsseldorf on 28 June 1971, a few hours after concluding interviews with British researcher Gitta Sereny.
5 videos
Play all
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
Treblinka was the second largest Nazi death camp. Estimates for the total number of deaths oscillates between 750,000 and over one million people. The camp started to function in July 1942 and worked until a prisoner revolt in August 1943 although it would appear that there were deportations after the revolt. However it was definitively closed in the early autumn of 1943 as teh Nazis chose to concentrate their resources on Auschwitz.
Treblinka was designed to be the centre for killing the Jewish population of the General Government which contained major ghettos such as those at Warsaw, Białystok, Radom as well as transit ghettos such as that at Międrzyrzecz Podlaski. From Warsaw alone in July, August and September 1942, around 310,000 were sent here to be gassed according to SS Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop.
The first commandant was Irmfried Eberl who was appointed on 11 July 1942. Like many of the people who worked in the death camps, he came from the mental health sector - he was a licensed psychiatrist - although most of the others works had been limited to the destruction of corpses in the psychiatric hospitals of Hadamar, Sonnenstein, Pirna etc.
The camp received its first shipment of victims, 6,500 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto, on 22 July 1942 who were murdered the following day. Some prisoners were kept alive to dispose of the corpses but they too were killed in the evening. Shipments continued on a daily basis thereafter, usually ranging from about 4,000 to 7,000 victims per day, although at times carriages could wait up to one week with most of the prisoners being dead when they were opened.
Eberl was unable to cope with the amount of people he had to kill, yet pride stopped him from reporting this fact. Reports got back to Warsaw and Lublin of what was happening and he was sacked by Odilo Globocnik and Christian Wirth and replaced by Franz Stangl.
In September 1942, Stangl supervised the building of new, larger gas chambers to augment the previously existing gas chambers. The new gas chambers became operational in early autumn 1942. It is believed that these death chambers were capable of killing 3,000 people in two hours, and 12,000 to 15,000 victims easily every day, with a maximum capacity of 22,000 deaths in 24 hours.
The victims were gassed with carbon monoxide generated by diesel engines probably from a Soviet BT tank engine although a French tank engine may have been used. The victims died from suffocation and carbon monoxide poisoning. This also means that, frequently, victims were not completely dead as a result of the exhaust. The few prisoners who had worked in the Sonderkommandos and survived the camp later testified that victims frequently let out a final gasp of breath from their lungs when they were extracted from the gas chambers.
Initially corpses were buried in mass graves, this was changed to burning in the winter of 1942 - 3 with corpses being dug up and burnt.
In order to prevent incoming victims from realising their fate, the camp was disguised as a railway station, complete with train schedules, posters of destinations, and what appeared to be a working clock.
On August 2, 1943, the prisoners in the work details rebelled. They seized small arms, sprayed kerosene on all the buildings and set them ablaze. Around 40 are known to have survived until the end of the war.
After the revolt, Treblinka ceased operation and no gassings took place. The original camp was levelled off and lupins were planted. The camp had been damaged during the uprising, and the murder of the Polish Jews was also largely complete. The Jewish prisoners were shot and the camp shut down.
In 2001, a copy of a decrypted telegram was discovered in the Public Record Office in the UK. The Höfle Telegram listed 713,555 Jews killed in Treblinka up to the end of December 1942. With the addition of the transports in 1943 one may arrive at the figure 800,000 deaths.
Franz Stangl escaped to Syria and then Brazil. He was tracked down by Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal and arrested. He admitted to the killings but argued: "My conscience is clear. I was simply doing my duty." Found guilty on 22 October 1970, Stangl was sentenced to life imprisonment. He died of heart failure in prison in Düsseldorf on 28 June 1971, a few hours after concluding interviews with British researcher Gitta Sereny.
5 videos
Play all
John Demjanjuk in Israel
http://www.ceepackaging.com
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
John Demajanjuk was extradited to Israel in 1986 and sentenced to death for his part in the Treblinka death camp. Only later the verdict was overturned. This film, made in 1992 looks at the case and includes interviews with his Israeli lawyer.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
3 videos
Play all
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
John Demajanjuk was extradited to Israel in 1986 and sentenced to death for his part in the Treblinka death camp. Only later the verdict was overturned. This film, made in 1992 looks at the case and includes interviews with his Israeli lawyer.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
3 videos
Play all
Pre war Jewish life in Poland
Some archival material on pre war Jewish life in Poland
5 videos
Play all
5 videos
Play all
Falklands War
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Alan-Heaths-History-Page/173472422695696
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
A history of the Falklands War, originally shown on Channel four in 1992.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
14 videos
Play all
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
A history of the Falklands War, originally shown on Channel four in 1992.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
14 videos
Play all
Liberation of the Falkland Islands
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Alan-Heaths-History-Page/173472422695696
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
The final part of a history of the Falklands War, originally shown on Channel four in 1992 dealing with the land campaign and liberation.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
5 videos
Play all
http://www.ceepackaging.com
twitter : @ceepackaging
https://www.facebook.com/pages/CEE-Packaging/135108923181666
The final part of a history of the Falklands War, originally shown on Channel four in 1992 dealing with the land campaign and liberation.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
5 videos
Play all
The Mafia and the Allied invasion of Sicily
http://www.ceepackaging.com
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
During WW2 US authorities seek the help of organised crime in order to combat a perceived threat from Axis spies. After the Casablanca conference, the invasion of Sicily was planned and the assistance of the mafia was once more required - and the effects of this action were still being felt in Italy forty years later.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
11 videos
Play all
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
During WW2 US authorities seek the help of organised crime in order to combat a perceived threat from Axis spies. After the Casablanca conference, the invasion of Sicily was planned and the assistance of the mafia was once more required - and the effects of this action were still being felt in Italy forty years later.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
11 videos
Play all
Afghanistan 1989
The Soviet Union has pulled out of Afghanistan and a Mujahideen victory looks certain. But that is not what happened as this 1989 documentary shows.
8 videos
Play all
8 videos
Play all
How the first Vietnam War began
http://www.ceepackaging.com
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
As the second world war came to an end, and with it their occupation of French Indo China, a new conflict was in the making.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
6 videos
Play all
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
As the second world war came to an end, and with it their occupation of French Indo China, a new conflict was in the making.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
Most people may think packaging pretty boring but it possibly effects your life more than you really imagine!
Central and Eastern European Packaging examines the packaging industry throughout this region, but in particular in the largest regional economies which are Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Austria. That is not to say that the other countries are forgotten, they are not, but obviously there is less going on. However the fact that there are so many travel related films here is not from holidays but from business trips attending trade fairs around the region. Every packaging trade fair is a new excuse to make another film!
6 videos
Play all
The Burma Railway
http://www.ceepackaging.com
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
The Burma Railway is a 415 km line between Bangkok, Thailand and Rangoon, Burma (now Myanmar), built by the Empire of Japan during World War II, to support its forces in the Burma campaign.
Forced labour was used in its construction. About 180,000 Asian labourers and 60,000 Allied prisoners of war (POWs) worked on the railway. Of these, around 90,000 Asian labourers and 16,000 Allied POWs died as a direct result of the project. The dead POWs included 6,318 British personnel, 2,815 Australians, 2,490 Dutch, about 356 Americans and a smaller number of Canadians.
A railway route between Thailand and Burma had been surveyed at the beginning of the 20th century, by the British government of Burma, but the proposed course of the line — through hilly jungle terrain divided by many rivers — was considered too difficult to complete.
In 1942, Japanese forces invaded Burma from Thailand and seized it from British control. To maintain their forces in Burma, the Japanese had to bring supplies and troops to Burma by sea, through the Strait of Malacca and the Andaman Sea. This route was vulnerable to attack by Allied submarines, and a different means of transport was needed. The obvious alternative was a railway. The Japanese started the project in June 1942.
They intended to connect Ban Pong with Thanbyuzayat, through the Three Pagodas Pass. Construction started at the Thai end on 22 June 1942 and in Burma at roughly the same time. Most of the construction materials for the line, including tracks and sleepers, were brought from dismantled branches of the Federated Malay States Railway network and from the Netherlands East Indies.
On 17 October 1943, the two sections of the line met about 18 km (11 miles) south of the Three Pagodas Pass at Konkuita (Kaeng Khoi Tha, Sangkhla Buri district, Kanchanaburi Province). Most of the POWs were then transferred to Japan. Those left to maintain the line still suffered from the appalling living conditions as well as Allied air raids.
The most famous portion of the railway is probably Bridge 277 over the Khwae Yai River (Thai แควใหญ่, English "big tributary"). (The river was originally known as the Mae Klong and was renamed Khwae Yai in 1960.) It was immortalized by Pierre Boulle in his book and the film based on it: The Bridge on the River Kwai. However, there are many who say that the movie is utterly unrealistic and does not show what the conditions and treatment of prisoners was really like.[2] The first wooden bridge over the Khwae Yai was finished in February 1943, followed by a concrete and steel bridge in June 1943.
According to Hellfire Tours in Thailand, "The two bridges were successfully bombed on 13 February 1945 by the Royal Air Force. Repairs were carried out by POW labor and by April the wooden trestle bridge was back in operation. On 3 April a second raid by Liberator bombers of the U.S. Army Air Forces damaged the wooden bridge once again. Repair work continued and both bridges were operational again by the end of May. A second raid by the R.A.F. on 24 June put the railway out of commission for the rest of the war. After the Japanese surrender the British Army removed 3.9 Kilometers of track on the Thai-Burma border. A survey of the track had shown that its poor construction would not support commercial traffic. The track was sold to Thai Railways and the 130-km Ban Pong--Namtok section relaid and is in use today.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
6 videos
Play all
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
The Burma Railway is a 415 km line between Bangkok, Thailand and Rangoon, Burma (now Myanmar), built by the Empire of Japan during World War II, to support its forces in the Burma campaign.
Forced labour was used in its construction. About 180,000 Asian labourers and 60,000 Allied prisoners of war (POWs) worked on the railway. Of these, around 90,000 Asian labourers and 16,000 Allied POWs died as a direct result of the project. The dead POWs included 6,318 British personnel, 2,815 Australians, 2,490 Dutch, about 356 Americans and a smaller number of Canadians.
A railway route between Thailand and Burma had been surveyed at the beginning of the 20th century, by the British government of Burma, but the proposed course of the line — through hilly jungle terrain divided by many rivers — was considered too difficult to complete.
In 1942, Japanese forces invaded Burma from Thailand and seized it from British control. To maintain their forces in Burma, the Japanese had to bring supplies and troops to Burma by sea, through the Strait of Malacca and the Andaman Sea. This route was vulnerable to attack by Allied submarines, and a different means of transport was needed. The obvious alternative was a railway. The Japanese started the project in June 1942.
They intended to connect Ban Pong with Thanbyuzayat, through the Three Pagodas Pass. Construction started at the Thai end on 22 June 1942 and in Burma at roughly the same time. Most of the construction materials for the line, including tracks and sleepers, were brought from dismantled branches of the Federated Malay States Railway network and from the Netherlands East Indies.
On 17 October 1943, the two sections of the line met about 18 km (11 miles) south of the Three Pagodas Pass at Konkuita (Kaeng Khoi Tha, Sangkhla Buri district, Kanchanaburi Province). Most of the POWs were then transferred to Japan. Those left to maintain the line still suffered from the appalling living conditions as well as Allied air raids.
The most famous portion of the railway is probably Bridge 277 over the Khwae Yai River (Thai แควใหญ่, English "big tributary"). (The river was originally known as the Mae Klong and was renamed Khwae Yai in 1960.) It was immortalized by Pierre Boulle in his book and the film based on it: The Bridge on the River Kwai. However, there are many who say that the movie is utterly unrealistic and does not show what the conditions and treatment of prisoners was really like.[2] The first wooden bridge over the Khwae Yai was finished in February 1943, followed by a concrete and steel bridge in June 1943.
According to Hellfire Tours in Thailand, "The two bridges were successfully bombed on 13 February 1945 by the Royal Air Force. Repairs were carried out by POW labor and by April the wooden trestle bridge was back in operation. On 3 April a second raid by Liberator bombers of the U.S. Army Air Forces damaged the wooden bridge once again. Repair work continued and both bridges were operational again by the end of May. A second raid by the R.A.F. on 24 June put the railway out of commission for the rest of the war. After the Japanese surrender the British Army removed 3.9 Kilometers of track on the Thai-Burma border. A survey of the track had shown that its poor construction would not support commercial traffic. The track was sold to Thai Railways and the 130-km Ban Pong--Namtok section relaid and is in use today.
My channel is one of the most prolific from Poland. With almost one film per day, one may be forgiven for thinking I do nothing else but I do have a day job as well. I have produced around 1,600 original films, most in English but also in Polish, French, Italian, Spanish and the occasional hint of German and Hebrew. My big interest in life is travel and history but I have also placed films on other subjects
Please feel free to ask questions in the public area or to comment on things you disagree with. Sometimes there are mistakes because I speak without preparation. If I see the mistakes myself, I make this clear in the text. Please also leave a star rating!
There are a number of films here on the packaging industry. This is because I am the publisher of Central and Eastern European Packaging -- http://www.ceepackaging.com - the international platform for the packaging industry in this region focusing on the latest innovations, trends, design, branding, legislation and environmental issues with in-depth profiles of major industry achievers.
6 videos
Play all
Calling Australia
This documentary shows a Japanese attempt at using Australian POWs for propaganda against their own country. Japan attempts to show the idyllic life of the POWs - something far from the truth.
The Empire of Japan, which had never signed the Second Geneva Convention of 1929, also did not treat prisoners of war in accordance with international agreements, including provisions of the Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907), either during the Second Sino-Japanese War or during the Pacific War.
Prisoners of war from Australia held by the Japanese armed forces were subject to murder, beatings, summary punishment, brutal treatment, forced labour, medical experimentation, starvation rations and poor medical treatment. The most notorious use of forced labour was in the construction of the Burma--Thailand Death Railway.
No access to the POWs was provided to the International Red Cross. Escapes among Caucasian prisoners were almost impossible because of the difficulty of men of Caucasian descent hiding in Asiatic societies.
Australian POW captured at New Guinea, Sgt. Leonard Siffleet, moments before his execution with a Japanese shin gunto sword. According to the findings of the Tokyo tribunal, the death rate of Western prisoners was 27.1%, seven times that of POWs under the Germans and Italians. After the war, it became clear that there existed a high command order -- issued from the War Ministry in Tokyo -- to kill all remaining POWs. This may explain why some POWs opted to collaborate in order to get better treatment.
6 videos
Play all
The Empire of Japan, which had never signed the Second Geneva Convention of 1929, also did not treat prisoners of war in accordance with international agreements, including provisions of the Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907), either during the Second Sino-Japanese War or during the Pacific War.
Prisoners of war from Australia held by the Japanese armed forces were subject to murder, beatings, summary punishment, brutal treatment, forced labour, medical experimentation, starvation rations and poor medical treatment. The most notorious use of forced labour was in the construction of the Burma--Thailand Death Railway.
No access to the POWs was provided to the International Red Cross. Escapes among Caucasian prisoners were almost impossible because of the difficulty of men of Caucasian descent hiding in Asiatic societies.
Australian POW captured at New Guinea, Sgt. Leonard Siffleet, moments before his execution with a Japanese shin gunto sword. According to the findings of the Tokyo tribunal, the death rate of Western prisoners was 27.1%, seven times that of POWs under the Germans and Italians. After the war, it became clear that there existed a high command order -- issued from the War Ministry in Tokyo -- to kill all remaining POWs. This may explain why some POWs opted to collaborate in order to get better treatment.
6 videos
Play all
Assassination of Martin Luther King
In March 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King went to Memphis, Tennessee, in support of striking African American sanitation workers. The workers had staged a walkout on 11 February 1968, to protest unequal wages and working conditions. At the time, the city of Memphis paid black workers significantly lower wages than whites. In addition, unlike their white counterparts, blacks received no pay if they stayed home during bad weather; consequently, most blacks were compelled to work even in driving rain and snow storms.
On 3 April 1968, King returned to Memphis to address a gathering at the Mason Temple (World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ). With a thunderstorm raging outside, King delivered the last speech of his life, now known as the "I've Been to the Mountaintop" address.
King was booked in room 306 at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, owned by black businessman Walter Bailey (and named after his wife).
At 18:01 on Thursday, 4 April 1968, while he was standing on the motel's second floor balcony, King was struck by a single .30 bullet fired from a Remington 760 Gamemaster. The bullet travelled through the right side of his neck, smashing his throat and down his spinal cord before lodging in his shoulder.
King was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital, where doctors opened his chest and performed manual heart massage. He was pronounced dead at 19:05. According to Taylor Branch, King's autopsy revealed that though he was only 39 years old, he had the heart of a 60 year old man
2 videos
Play all
On 3 April 1968, King returned to Memphis to address a gathering at the Mason Temple (World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ). With a thunderstorm raging outside, King delivered the last speech of his life, now known as the "I've Been to the Mountaintop" address.
King was booked in room 306 at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, owned by black businessman Walter Bailey (and named after his wife).
At 18:01 on Thursday, 4 April 1968, while he was standing on the motel's second floor balcony, King was struck by a single .30 bullet fired from a Remington 760 Gamemaster. The bullet travelled through the right side of his neck, smashing his throat and down his spinal cord before lodging in his shoulder.
King was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital, where doctors opened his chest and performed manual heart massage. He was pronounced dead at 19:05. According to Taylor Branch, King's autopsy revealed that though he was only 39 years old, he had the heart of a 60 year old man
2 videos
Play all
La guerra delle Falkland
http://www.youtube.com/alanheath
http://www.ceepackaging.com
La guerra delle Falkland fu un conflitto combattuto dal marzo al giugno 1982 tra l'Argentina ed il Regno Unito per il controllo ed il possesso delle isole Falkland e della Georgia del Sud e delle isole Sandwich meridionali.
L'arcipelago delle Falkland comprende due isole maggiori e molte minori nell'oceano Atlantico meridionale ad est della costa meridionale Argentina e la sua sovranità è contesa. Alla vigilia della guerra l'Argentina si trovava nel pieno di una devastante crisi economica e di una contestazione civile su larga scala contro la Giunta militare che governava il Paese. Il governo, guidato dal generale Leopoldo Galtieri, l'allora presidente, decise di giocare la carta del sentimento nazionalistico lanciando quella che considerava una guerra facile e veloce per reclamare le isole Malvine. La tensione col Regno Unito crebbe verso un punto di non ritorno a partire da quando, il 19 marzo, cinquanta argentini sbarcarono sulla dipendenza britannica della Georgia del Sud e piantarono la bandiera argentina, un atto che viene considerato la prima azione offensiva della guerra. Il 2 aprile, Galtieri ordinò l'invasione delle Malvine.
Nonostante fosse stato colto di sorpresa dall'attacco argentino sulle isole dell'Atlantico meridionale, il Regno Unito organizzò una task force navale per scacciare le forze argentine che avevano occupato gli arcipelaghi, e riconquistò le isole con un assalto anfibio. Dopo pesanti combattimenti, i britannici prevalsero e le isole rimasero sotto controllo del Regno Unito. A tutt'oggi l'Argentina reclama la sovranità sulle isole Falkland.
Le conseguenze politiche della guerra furono profonde. In Argentina crebbero dissenso e proteste contro il governo militare, avviandolo verso la caduta definitiva, mentre un'ondata di patriottismo si diffuse per il Regno Unito, ridando forza al governo del primo ministro Margaret Thatcher.
4 videos
Play all
http://www.ceepackaging.com
La guerra delle Falkland fu un conflitto combattuto dal marzo al giugno 1982 tra l'Argentina ed il Regno Unito per il controllo ed il possesso delle isole Falkland e della Georgia del Sud e delle isole Sandwich meridionali.
L'arcipelago delle Falkland comprende due isole maggiori e molte minori nell'oceano Atlantico meridionale ad est della costa meridionale Argentina e la sua sovranità è contesa. Alla vigilia della guerra l'Argentina si trovava nel pieno di una devastante crisi economica e di una contestazione civile su larga scala contro la Giunta militare che governava il Paese. Il governo, guidato dal generale Leopoldo Galtieri, l'allora presidente, decise di giocare la carta del sentimento nazionalistico lanciando quella che considerava una guerra facile e veloce per reclamare le isole Malvine. La tensione col Regno Unito crebbe verso un punto di non ritorno a partire da quando, il 19 marzo, cinquanta argentini sbarcarono sulla dipendenza britannica della Georgia del Sud e piantarono la bandiera argentina, un atto che viene considerato la prima azione offensiva della guerra. Il 2 aprile, Galtieri ordinò l'invasione delle Malvine.
Nonostante fosse stato colto di sorpresa dall'attacco argentino sulle isole dell'Atlantico meridionale, il Regno Unito organizzò una task force navale per scacciare le forze argentine che avevano occupato gli arcipelaghi, e riconquistò le isole con un assalto anfibio. Dopo pesanti combattimenti, i britannici prevalsero e le isole rimasero sotto controllo del Regno Unito. A tutt'oggi l'Argentina reclama la sovranità sulle isole Falkland.
Le conseguenze politiche della guerra furono profonde. In Argentina crebbero dissenso e proteste contro il governo militare, avviandolo verso la caduta definitiva, mentre un'ondata di patriottismo si diffuse per il Regno Unito, ridando forza al governo del primo ministro Margaret Thatcher.
4 videos
Play all
History of Pornography
The authors of this film attempt to demonstrate that technology has evolved propelled by a desire to leave a record of sexual acts. Beginning with the ancient Romans who flaunted their sexuality and somewhat unusual tastes, the series traces how pornography has evolved over the past 2,000 years.
17 videos
Play all
17 videos
Play all
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
How the Berlin Wall came down marking the end of communism in central Europe.
Hungary disabled its physical border defenses with Austria on 19 August 1989 and, in September, more than 13,000 East German tourists escaped through Hungary to Austria. The Hungarians prevented many more East Germans from crossing the border and returned them to Budapest. These East Germans flooded the West German embassy and refused to return to East Germany. The East German government responded by disallowing any further travel to Hungary, but allowed those already there to return. This triggered a similar incident in neighboring Czechoslovakia. On this occasion, the East German authorities allowed them to leave, providing that they used a train which transited East Germany on the way. This was followed by mass demonstrations within East Germany itself. The longtime leader of East Germany, Erich Honecker, resigned on 18 October 1989 and was replaced by Egon Krenz a few days later. Honecker had predicted in January of that year that the wall would stand for 50 or 100 more years if the conditions that had caused its construction did not change.
Protest demonstrations broke out all over East Germany in September 1989. Initially, protesters were mostly people wanting to leave to the West, chanting "Wir wollen raus!" ("We want out!"). Then protestors began to chant "Wir bleiben hier", ("We're staying here!"). This was the start of what East Germans generally call the "Peaceful Revolution" of late 1989.[70] The protest demonstrations grew considerably by early November. The movement neared its height on 4 November when half a million people gathered at the Alexanderplatz demonstration, a rally for change in East Berlin's large public square and transportation hub.
Meanwhile, the wave of refugees leaving East Germany for the West had increased and had found its way through Hungary via Czechoslovakia (or via the West German Embassy in Prague), tolerated by the new Krenz government and in agreement with the communist Czechoslovak government. To ease the complications, the politburo led by Krenz decided on 9 November to allow refugees to exit directly through crossing points between East Germany and West Germany, including West Berlin. On the same day, the ministerial administration modified the proposal to include private travel. The new regulations were to take effect the next day.
Günter Schabowski, the party boss in East Berlin and the spokesman for the SED Politburo, had the task of announcing this; however he had not been involved in the discussions about the new regulations and had not been fully updated. Shortly before a press conference on 9 November, he was handed a note announcing the changes, but given no further instructions on how to handle the information. These regulations had only been completed a few hours earlier and were to take effect the following day, so as to allow time to inform the border guards—however, nobody had informed Schabowski. He read the note out loud at the end of the conference. One of the reporters asked when the regulations would take effect. After a few seconds' hesitation, Schabowski assumed it would be the same day based on the wording of the note and replied, "As far as I know effective immediately, without delay". After further questions from journalists he confirmed that the regulations included the border crossings towards West Berlin, which he had not mentioned until then.
Excerpts from Schabowski's press conference were the lead story on West Germany's two main news programs that night—at 19:17 on ZDF's heute and at 20:00 on ARD's Tagesschau; this of course meant that the news was broadcast to nearly all of East Germany as well. Later that night, on ARD's Tagesthemen, anchorman Hans Joachim Friedrichs proclaimed, "This is a historic day. East Germany has announced that, starting immediately, its borders are open to everyone. The GDR is opening its borders ... the gates in the Berlin Wall stand open."
After hearing the broadcast, East Germans began gathering at the wall and at the six checkpoints between East and West, demanding that border guards immediately open the gates. The surprised and overwhelmed guards made many hectic telephone calls to their superiors about the problem. At first, they were ordered to find the "more aggressive" people gathered at the gates and stamp their passports with a special stamp that barred them from returning to East Germany—in effect, revoking their citizenship. However, this still left thousands of people demanding to be let through "as Schabowski said we can."
It soon became clear that no one among the East German authorities would take personal responsibility for issuing orders to use lethal force, so the vastly outnumbered guards opened the gates and let everyone out.
5 videos
Play all
Hungary disabled its physical border defenses with Austria on 19 August 1989 and, in September, more than 13,000 East German tourists escaped through Hungary to Austria. The Hungarians prevented many more East Germans from crossing the border and returned them to Budapest. These East Germans flooded the West German embassy and refused to return to East Germany. The East German government responded by disallowing any further travel to Hungary, but allowed those already there to return. This triggered a similar incident in neighboring Czechoslovakia. On this occasion, the East German authorities allowed them to leave, providing that they used a train which transited East Germany on the way. This was followed by mass demonstrations within East Germany itself. The longtime leader of East Germany, Erich Honecker, resigned on 18 October 1989 and was replaced by Egon Krenz a few days later. Honecker had predicted in January of that year that the wall would stand for 50 or 100 more years if the conditions that had caused its construction did not change.
Protest demonstrations broke out all over East Germany in September 1989. Initially, protesters were mostly people wanting to leave to the West, chanting "Wir wollen raus!" ("We want out!"). Then protestors began to chant "Wir bleiben hier", ("We're staying here!"). This was the start of what East Germans generally call the "Peaceful Revolution" of late 1989.[70] The protest demonstrations grew considerably by early November. The movement neared its height on 4 November when half a million people gathered at the Alexanderplatz demonstration, a rally for change in East Berlin's large public square and transportation hub.
Meanwhile, the wave of refugees leaving East Germany for the West had increased and had found its way through Hungary via Czechoslovakia (or via the West German Embassy in Prague), tolerated by the new Krenz government and in agreement with the communist Czechoslovak government. To ease the complications, the politburo led by Krenz decided on 9 November to allow refugees to exit directly through crossing points between East Germany and West Germany, including West Berlin. On the same day, the ministerial administration modified the proposal to include private travel. The new regulations were to take effect the next day.
Günter Schabowski, the party boss in East Berlin and the spokesman for the SED Politburo, had the task of announcing this; however he had not been involved in the discussions about the new regulations and had not been fully updated. Shortly before a press conference on 9 November, he was handed a note announcing the changes, but given no further instructions on how to handle the information. These regulations had only been completed a few hours earlier and were to take effect the following day, so as to allow time to inform the border guards—however, nobody had informed Schabowski. He read the note out loud at the end of the conference. One of the reporters asked when the regulations would take effect. After a few seconds' hesitation, Schabowski assumed it would be the same day based on the wording of the note and replied, "As far as I know effective immediately, without delay". After further questions from journalists he confirmed that the regulations included the border crossings towards West Berlin, which he had not mentioned until then.
Excerpts from Schabowski's press conference were the lead story on West Germany's two main news programs that night—at 19:17 on ZDF's heute and at 20:00 on ARD's Tagesschau; this of course meant that the news was broadcast to nearly all of East Germany as well. Later that night, on ARD's Tagesthemen, anchorman Hans Joachim Friedrichs proclaimed, "This is a historic day. East Germany has announced that, starting immediately, its borders are open to everyone. The GDR is opening its borders ... the gates in the Berlin Wall stand open."
After hearing the broadcast, East Germans began gathering at the wall and at the six checkpoints between East and West, demanding that border guards immediately open the gates. The surprised and overwhelmed guards made many hectic telephone calls to their superiors about the problem. At first, they were ordered to find the "more aggressive" people gathered at the gates and stamp their passports with a special stamp that barred them from returning to East Germany—in effect, revoking their citizenship. However, this still left thousands of people demanding to be let through "as Schabowski said we can."
It soon became clear that no one among the East German authorities would take personal responsibility for issuing orders to use lethal force, so the vastly outnumbered guards opened the gates and let everyone out.
5 videos
Play all
Sex slavery in Nazi Germany
Thousands of women were kidnapped by Nazi forces to be sex slaves in brothels serving the German armed forces during the second world war. This came about due to an increase in venereal disease which could incapacitate a soldier for up to six months. Kidnapping and sex slavery was seen as the answer. State control meant medical control. This is the story of how that happened.
3 videos
Play all
3 videos
Play all
Battle of Stalingrad
A rethink on the Battle of Stalingrad from American author David Glance.
4 videos
Play all
4 videos
Play all
FIFA's dirty secrets
This is the Panorama programme widely accused of having cost us the World Cup 2018. Of course if you believe that you are really clasping at straws. Nonetheless it has to be questioned why a government sponsored institution was trying to sink our hosting bid.
If you have not seen the film, watch it. It may change your mind on FIFA
3 videos
Play all
view all
If you have not seen the film, watch it. It may change your mind on FIFA
3 videos
Play all
Advertisement
