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For other uses, see Red Terror (disambiguation).
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The most common use of Red Terror in English usually refers to the campaign of mass arrests, deportations, and executions conducted by Bolsheviks government in Soviet Russia from 1918 to 1922. The mass repressions were conducted without judicial process by the secret police organization Cheka, a predecessor of NKVD and KGB.

Some authors use the term "Red Terror" to describe the last six weeks of the "Reign of Terror" of the French Revolution, ending on July 28, 1794 (execution of Robespierre), to distinguish it from the subsequent period of the White Terror [1] (historically this period has been known as the Great Terror (French: la Grande Terreur).